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Eugene ( ) is a city of the Pacific Northwest located in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is the second largest city in the state (after Portland) and the county seat of Lane County. It is located at the south end of the Willamette Valley, near the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette rivers, about east of the Oregon Coast. According to the Census Bureau's American Community Survey, Eugene's population grew by 1,391 people between 2013 and 2014, a 0.8 percent growth rate. The survey put Eugene's 2014 population estimate at 160,552.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=U.S. Census Bureau: Eugene population passed 160,000 last year )〕 As of the 2010 census. This does not include the 45,000 non-permanent student population in the city. Eugene had a population of 156,185, and Lane County (co-located with the Eugene-Springfield Metropolitan Statistical Area) (MSA) had a population of 351,715.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.pdx.edu/sites/www.pdx.edu.prc/files/media_assets/2010_PL94_cities_D-G_updated.pdf )〕 The Eugene-Springfield, Oregon MSA is the 146th largest metropolitan statistical area of the U.S., and the third-largest in the state, behind the Portland Metropolitan Area and the Salem Metropolitan Area. The city's population was estimated by the Portland Research Center to be 160,561 in 2014.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Population estimates )〕 Eugene is home to the University of Oregon. The city is also noted for its natural beauty, recreational opportunities (especially bicycling, running/jogging, rafting, kayaking), and focus on the arts. Eugene's slogan is "A Great City for the Arts and Outdoors". It is also referred to as the "Emerald City", and as "Track Town, USA".〔Caple, Jim (July 4, 2008). ("Why did we have to wait so long for the trials to return to Pre Country?" ). ESPN. Retrieved 2010-06-07.〕 The Nike corporation had its beginnings in Eugene. In 2021, the city will host the 18th Track and Field World Championships. ==History== Eugene is named after its founder, Eugene Franklin Skinner. Until 1889, it was named Eugene City. In 1846, Skinner erected the first cabin in the area.〔http://www.lanecountyhistoricalsociety.org/research-photocatalog.html〕 It was used as a trading post and was registered as an official post office on January 8, 1850. At this time the settlement was known as Skinner's Mudhole. It was relocated in 1853 and named Eugene City,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/195036/Eugene )〕 but was not formally incorporated as a city until 1862. Skinner later ran a ferry service across the Willamette River where the Ferry Street Bridge now stands. The first major educational institution in the area was Columbia College, founded a few years earlier than the University of Oregon. It fell victim to two major fires in four years, and after the second fire, the college decided not to rebuild again. The part of south Eugene known as College Hill was the former location of Columbia College. There is no college there today. The town raised the initial funding to start a public university, which later became the University of Oregon, with the hope of turning the small town into a center of learning. In 1872, the Legislative Assembly passed a bill creating the University of Oregon as a state institution. Eugene bested the nearby town of Albany in the competition for the state university. In 1873, community member J.H.D. Henderson donated the hilltop land for the campus, overlooking the city. The university first opened in 1876 with the regents electing the first faculty and naming John Wesley Johnson as president. The first students registered on October 16, 1876. The first building was completed in 1877; it was named Deady Hall in honor of the first Board of Regents President and community leader Judge Matthew P. Deady. The city's name was shortened from Eugene City to Eugene in 1889.〔 Eugene grew rapidly throughout most of the twentieth century, with the exception being the early 1980s when a downturn in the timber industry caused high unemployment. By 1985, the industry had recovered and Eugene began to attract more high-tech industries. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eugene, Oregon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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